mindmap root((阻碍)) hamper implies the encumbering or embarrassing effect of any impeding or restraining influence: ~ed the investigation by refusing to cooperate. trammel implies hindering by or as if by or confining within a net: rules that serve only to ~ the artist's creativity. clog usually implies a slowing by something extraneous or encumbering: feels that free enterprise is ~ged by government regulation. fetter suggests a restraing so severe that freedom to move or progress is almost lost: a nation that is ~ed by an antiquated class system. shackle, manacle are stronger than fetter and suggest total loss of the power to move, progress, or act: a mind ~d by stubborn pride and prejudice; hatred can ~ the soul.